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An Ancient Martial Art - Kalaripayattu
An Ancient Martial Art - KalaripayattuBy Leslie T
Kalaripayattu is the ancient martial art of the State. It is considered as the forerunner of Karate & Kung-fu. The Kalari is treated as the temple of learning. Age-old traditions and customs are still practiced inside the Kalari. The Gurukkal system consists of rigorous physical training besides training in self-discipline. The weapons used were the sword, Dagger, Shield, short sticks, spears etc. The co-ordination of the body and mind is given max importance in this art.
The Orient's treasure trove, a present to the modern world and the mother of all martial arts. Legend traces the 3000-year-old art form to Sage Parasurama- the master of all martial art forms and credited to be the re-claimer of Kerala from the Arabian Sea. Kalaripayattu originated in ancient South India. Kung- fu, popularized by the monks of the Shoaling Temple traces its ancestry to Bodhi Dharma - an Indian Buddhist monk and Kalaripayattu master.
Architectural design of traditional kalari
The art is trained in an enclosure called 'Kalari', which is 21 feet by 42 feet. The entrance faces the east. In the south-west corner is a seven-tiered platform called the "poothara", which houses the guardian deity of the kalari. These seven steps sy
mbolise seven abilities each person requires. They include Vigneswa (Strength), Channiga (patience), Vishnu (commanding power), Vadugashcha (the posture), Tadaaguru (training), Kali (the expression) and Vakasta - purushu (sound). Other deities, most of them incarnations of the Bhagavathi or Shiva, are installed in the corners.
The origin of the Kalaripayattu
Kalaripayattu is perhaps the most ancient martial art in the world. Religions have incorporated Kalaripayattu into their realm. The origin of Kalaripayattu is still in the midst of obscurity. Traditional Kalari masters attribute mythological stories and legends to the origin of the art. Legend traces the 3000-year-old art form to Sage Parasurama- the master of all martial art forms and credited to be the re-claimer of Kerala from theArabian Sea.
At the turn of the 6th century A.D., martial arts spread from Southern India to China by Daruma Bodhidarma - an Indian Buddhist monk and Kalaripayattu master. From China, martial arts have spread to Korea & Japan. Kalaripayattu is derived from the words Kalari - which means "place, threshing floor, or battlefield", and payattu - which means to "exercise in arms or practice".
Kalari's influence on other arts
Kalaripayattu has strongly influenced the evolution of several of Kerala's theatre and dance forms, most prominently Kathakali and Theyyam. Kathakali practitioners are required to train under Kalari masters to develop various attributes such as fitness, stamina, and martial movements enacted in their performances. Kalari practitioners claim that Bodhi Dharma, a Buddhist monk who was responsible for training the Shaolin monks in kung-fu, was in fact a Kalari master.
Resuregence of kalaripayattu
Following the collapse of the princely states and the advent of free India - Kalaripayattu had lost its significance as a mortal combat code. Fortunately, Kalaripayattu has successfully survived the steady and sad decline in popularity. Kalaripayattu now has a compelling global audience and its fame and glory has won hearts all over.
In a Phoenix like resurrection, Kalaripayattu is today emerging in a new avatar - an ancient art form - a source of inspiration for self-expression in dance forms - both traditional and contemporary, in theatre, in fitness and in movies too.
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,Martial Art in India
Martial Art in IndiaBy T. Feng
India has many ancient sports, such as chess, playing cards and martial arts. Chess originated in ancient India and was known as Chatur-Anga - meaning four limbs. The chic / stylish / trendy / hip / cool game of cards originated in ancient India and was known as Krida-patram. It was one of the favorite pastimes of Indians in ancient times.
Ancient India claims to have been the origin of judo and karate. Kalaripayate, a martial art form in India, is similar to karate. Those who practice it have to develop acrobatic capabilities, when using swords or knives to attack their adversaries, and even an unarmed exponent who can be a force to reckon with. The violent nature of Kalaripayate is evident from the daggers and knives that were used. Unlike Kalaripayate, judo and karate do not allow the use of lethal weapons. Early martial arts (Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for combat) find mention in Vedic literature and in the epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata. In Mahabhata, Arjun and Karan had a battle between each other using fists, bows and swords. Boxing fights are also described in Ramayana.
With the advent of Buddhism, this art form was spread to the Far East by the monks. Such a technique of self-defence (the means of defending oneself from physical attack; the right to protect oneself against violence by using reasonable force, especiallywhen used as justification in a murder charge) would have been necessary for Buddhist monks as they traveled individually or in small groups in foreign lands during which they were exposed to dangers from bandits and fanatics from other religions. Buddhist monks seem to have tempered the originally violent character of this art.
The aim of a Karate practitioner is mainly to disarm and disable his opponent without mortally wounding him. This can be looked upon as a reflection of the Buddhist attitude towards life. Further both judo and karate are deeply interwoven with meditation unlike other martial arts (Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for combat) like boxing, wrestling, and fencing. The concentration aspect in judo and karate perhaps stems from this. Both Judo and Karate are sought to be kept as arts to be used only for purposes of protection of the weak.
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,Kung Fu Clubs
Kung Fu ClubsBy Tian Heng
Chinese kung fu stars have been idols for people around the world. Kung fu can be seen as a symbol of China. Many foreigners who come to China want to enjoy the practice of martial arts.
Recently, with the increasing number of kung fu fans, many clubs have been set up to satisfy their needs. But lots of Asian people do not pay attention to the traditional martial arts (Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for combat) and few of them are interested in learning traditional martial arts?
From Bruce Lee to Jackie Chan, many Asian kung fu stars are welcomed. Bruce Lee became one of the best-known Asian names in the world through his action movies. The kung fu masters are always full of legendary and have many followers.
The clubs in China are attracting many overseas kung fu fans. China has been as the capital of kung fu so many foreigners come to China just for learning kung fu.
Well, it's true that, to some extent, Asian teachers are much better than teachers anywhere in the world because martial art is a small part of culture here. In other countries and regions, martial art is something that peopledo as a hobby. However, most of students in clubs are from Europe, the United States or Taiwan. Few mainlanders would like to learn it, which bother the martial arts (Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for combat) teachers. They are afraid that many martial arts (Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for combat) will disappear after generations.
It is hoped that more Asian will take up martial arts (Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for combat) even just as a hobby. Then, the traditional culture would be kept alive as a livelihood, in place of an exotic skill chic / stylish / trendy / hip / cool among foreigners
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